Point Information Gain and Multidimensional Data Analysis

We generalize the Point information gain (PIG) and derived quantities, i.e. Point information entropy (PIE) and Point information entropy density (PIED), for the case of R\'enyi entropy and simulate the behavior of PIG for typical distributions. We also use these methods for the analysis of multidimensional datasets. We demonstrate the main properties of PIE/PIED spectra for the real data on the example of several images, and discuss possible further utilization in other fields of data processing.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figure

OTPLINJAVANJE RUDNIKA KAO TEMELJNI SIGURNOSNI ELEMENT U PODZEMNIM DIJELOVIMA PLINOVITIH RUDNIKA UGLJENA NA UGLJENONOSNOM PODRUČJU OSTRAVA - KARVINÁ

In the article, degasification methods to drain the gas from the underground parts of coal mines in the Czech Republic are described. The authors are concerned with the possibilities of and new trends in ensuring safety by means of drilling operations. Examples of applications of degasification in mine plants in the Czech Republic, above all in a hard coal deposit in the Ostrava-Karviná Coalfield in the Upper Silesian Basin are presented.U članku su opisane metode otplinjavanja podzemnih dijelova rudnika ugljena u Republici Češkoj. Autori se bave mogućnostima i novim trendovima u osiguranju sigurnosti primjenom bušačkih operacija. Prikazani su primjeri primjene otplinjavanja rudnika u Republici Češkoj i to posebno u ležištima kamenog ugljena na eksploatacijskim poljima Ostrava-Karviná u ugljenom bazenu gornje Šleske

Information System Assessment and Proposal for ICT Modification

Diplomová práce se zabývá informačními systémy, popisuje dostupné inovace aplikovatelné u zavedených informačních systémů. Popisuje metody vhodné k testování efektivnosti informačních systémů. Vlastní řešení diplomové práce obsahuje aktuální stav zvoleného informačního systému společnosti, dále testuje efektivnost informačního systému, na závěr získané data zhodnotí a doporučí možné změny směřující k vyšší efektivitě práce s informačním systémem.This thesis is focused on the information systems; it describes the available innovations applied on the established information systems. It describes the methods that are suitable for testing the effectiveness of the information systems. The practical part includes the current state of the chosen information system of a company, further it tests the effectiveness of the information system and finally it evaluates the received information and recommends the possible changes that would lead to the higher effectiveness of the work of the information system.

Material docente de la asignatura Química de los materiales para atraer a las estudiantes al grado de Ingeniería Civil

OBJETIVOS Este trabajo presenta tres objetivos principales. En el primer lugar la creación de un material docente en forma de una página web (Urban, 2022) explicando la importancia de las mujeres en la ingeniería civil, principalmente en la primera mitad del siglo XX en diferentes lugares del mundo. El segundo objetivo era la búsqueda de datos estadísticos sobre la proporción de las mujeres y de los hombres estudiantes de ingeniería civil. Por último, se ha hecho una encuesta a los estudiantes hombres y mujeres de la ingeniería civil para averiguar sus opiniones sobre el material docente y sobre el feminismo. METODOLOGÍA La página web “Feminismo en la ingeniería civil” (Urban, 2022) se ha escrito con el código html y todos los datos están alojados en los servidores de la Universidad de Sevilla. Para recopilar la información de las encuestas se ha utilizado la herramienta Google Forms. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN Los resultados y discusión se pueden separar en 3 partes. En el primer lugar se ha creado una página web destacando la importancia de las mujeres en la ingeniería civil (Figura 1). La segunda parte es una estadística de la evolución de la matriculación de las mujeres en el grado de ingeniería civil en la Universidad de Sevilla a lo largo de los últimos años (Gráfico 1). Y, por último, se ha elaborado una encuesta donde los estudiantes podrían opinar sobre el recurso didáctico “Feminismo en la ingeniería civil” y sobre el feminismo e igualdad de género

OPTIMIZATION OF COMPUTATIONAL BURDEN OF THE POINT INFORMATION GAIN

We developed a method of image preprocessing based on the information entropy, namely, on the information contribution made by each individual pixel to the whole image or to image’s part (i.e., a Point Information Gain; PIG). An idea of the PIG calculation is that an image background remains informatively poor, whereas objects carry relevant information. In one calculation, this method preserves details, highlights edges, and decreases random noise. This paper describes optimization and implementation of the PIG calculation on graphical processing units (GPU) to overcome a high computational burden

OPTIMIZATION OF COMPUTATIONAL BURDEN OF THE POINT INFORMATION GAIN

We developed a method of image preprocessing based on the information entropy, namely, on the information contribution made by each individual pixel to the whole image or to image’s part (i.e., a Point Information Gain; PIG). An idea of the PIG calculation is that an image background remains informatively poor, whereas objects carry relevant information. In one calculation, this method preserves details, highlights edges, and decreases random noise. This paper describes optimization and implementation of the PIG calculation on graphical processing units (GPU) to overcome a high computational burden

Occupational Diseases in the Automotive Industry in Czechia – Geographic and Medical Context

Objectives: The automotive industry represents the most important industrial sector in Czechia. The objective of this study has been to analyze the occurrence of occupational diseases (OD) in the automotive industry during the period from 2001 till 2014. Material and Methods: Data on OD cases was retrieved from the National Registry of OD. Further, we conducted a survey in automotive companies with focus on occupational health services and positions of the companies in global production networks (GPNs). An analysis of OD distribution in the automotive industry was performed (age, gender, company size and its role in GPNs, regional distribution of studied companies, and regional unemployment rate), and was accompanied by assessment of the quality and range of occupational health services. Results: Employees older than 40 years old have nearly 2.5 times higher probability of OD occurrence as compared with employees younger than 40 years old (odds ratio (OR) = 2.41, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.05–2.85). Occupational diseases occurrence probability was 3 times higher for women than for men (OR = 3.01, 95% CI: 2.55–3.55). Occupational diseases incidence rates increased with the size of the company (0 OD/10 000 employees in micro enterprises to 57 OD/10 000 employees in large enterprises). A particularly steep rise in OD incidents in the automotive industry was observed in the Plzeň Region between 2001 and 2011. An association between OD incidents and the unemployment rate was not statistically confirmed. Conclusions: A statistically significant increase in OD incidents dependent on company size may be arguably attributed to a higher quality of occupational medical services in bigger companies, which ensures better detection and diagnosis of OD. In the Plzeň Region, the rapid increase in OD incidents was mainly caused by a change in the production process of automobile textiles in one factory due to the introduction of a glue containing isocyanates, which are potent allergising agents. This led to an increase in occupational allergic diseases – bronchial asthma in particular

Distinct seasonal dynamics of responses to elevated CO2 in two understorey grass species differing in shade-tolerance

Understorey plant communities are crucial to maintain species diversity and ecosystem processes including nutrient cycling and regeneration of overstorey trees. Most studies exploring effects of elevated CO2 concentration ([CO2]) in forests have, however, been done on overstorey trees, while understorey communities received only limited attention. The hypothesis that understorey grass species differ in shade-tolerance and development dynamics, and temporally exploit different niches under elevated [CO2], was tested during the fourth year of [CO2] treatment. We assumed stimulated carbon gain by elevated [CO2] even at low light conditions in strongly shade-tolerant Luzula sylvatica, while its stimulation under elevated [CO2] in less shade-tolerant Calamagrostis arundinacea was expected only in early spring when the tree canopy is not fully developed. We found evidence supporting this hypothesis. While elevated [CO2] stimulated photosynthesis in L. sylvatica mainly in the peak of the growing season (by 55%-57% in July and August), even at low light intensities (50 mu mol m(-2) s(-1)), stimulatory effect of [CO2] in C. arundinacea was found mainly under high light intensities (200 mu mol m(-2) s(-1)) at the beginning of the growing season (increase by 171% in May) and gradually declined during the season. Elevated [CO2] also substantially stimulated leaf mass area and root-to-shoot ratio in L. sylvatica, while only insignificant increases were observed in C. arundinacea. Our physiological and morphological analyses indicate that understorey species, differing in shade-tolerance, under elevated [CO2] exploit distinct niches in light environment given by the dynamics of the tree canopy

Amorphous Al-Ti Powders Prepared by Mechanical Alloying and Consolidated by Electrical Resistance Sintering

A novel processing method for amorphous Al50Ti50 alloy, obtained by mechanical alloying and subsequently consolidated by electrical resistance sintering, has been investigated. The characterisation of the powders and the confirmation of the presence of amorphous phase have been carried out by laser diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and transmission electron microscopy. The amorphous Al50Ti50 powders, milled for 75 h, have a high hardness and small plastic deformation capacity, not being possible to achieve green compacts for conventional sintering. Moreover, conventional sintering takes a long time, being not possible to avoid crystallisation. Amorphous powders have been consolidated by electrical resistance sintering. Electrically sintered compacts with different current intensities (7–8 kA) and processing times (0.8–1.6 s) show a porosity between 16.5 and 20%. The highest Vickers hardness of 662 HV is reached in the centre of an electrically sintered compact with 8 kA and 1.2 s from amorphous Al50Ti50 powder. The hardness results are compared with the values found in the literature.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Spain) / Feder (EU) DPI2015-69550-C2-1-PMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad (Spain) / Feder (EU) DPI2015-69550-C2-2-

OTPLINJAVANJE RUDNIKA KAO TEMELJNI SIGURNOSNI ELEMENT U PODZEMNIM DIJELOVIMA PLINOVITIH RUDNIKA UGLJENA NA UGLJENONOSNOM PODRUČJU OSTRAVA - KARVINÁ

In the article, degasification methods to drain the gas from the underground parts of coal mines in the Czech Republic are described. The authors are concerned with the possibilities of and new trends in ensuring safety by means of drilling operations. Examples of applications of degasification in mine plants in the Czech Republic, above all in a hard coal deposit in the Ostrava-Karviná Coalfield in the Upper Silesian Basin are presented.U članku su opisane metode otplinjavanja podzemnih dijelova rudnika ugljena u Republici Češkoj. Autori se bave mogućnostima i novim trendovima u osiguranju sigurnosti primjenom bušačkih operacija. Prikazani su primjeri primjene otplinjavanja rudnika u Republici Češkoj i to posebno u ležištima kamenog ugljena na eksploatacijskim poljima Ostrava-Karviná u ugljenom bazenu gornje Šleske